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Over the course of the last century, the progressive integration of the global economy has helped drive the economic growth that has contributed to lifting millions of people out of poverty around the world. In the developed world it has brought down the cost of consumer goods, driven productivity increases in many sectors, and created new markets for goods and services where western firms have comparative advantages. Many people have unprecedented opportunities to travel and work abroad, and the increasing cultural and political dialogue between individuals has helped to spread the acceptance of universal values like democracy, liberty, and human rights. Since the second world war, flows of goods, services and capital have rapidly increased. Knowledge, ideas and values have also spread across borders like never before. The movement of people – both economic migrants and tourists – has vastly expanded, although perhaps surprisingly it has stayed static as a percentage of the global population.